NEET 2026 ALL Q #2012
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2026 NTA-RE-NEET-2026 MCQ SINGLE
Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotic cells? (a) Ribosomes are made of 50S and 30S subunits (b) They can have plasmids (c) They contain mesosome (d) They have peroxisomes. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (a), (b) and (c) only
(B) (b) and (c) only
(C) (a) and (c) only
(D) (a), (c) and (d) only
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Correct Answer: A

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Analyze Statement (a)

Prokaryotic ribosomes are of the 70S type, which are composed of two subunits: a larger 50S subunit and a smaller 30S subunit. This statement is correct.

Step 2: Analyze Statement (b)

Many prokaryotes, especially bacteria, contain small, circular, extrachromosomal DNA molecules known as plasmids, which provide unique phenotypic characters like antibiotic resistance. This statement is correct.

Step 3: Analyze Statement (c)

Mesosomes are characteristic infoldings of the plasma membrane in prokaryotes, which help in cell wall formation, DNA replication, and respiration. This statement is correct.

Step 4: Analyze Statement (d)

Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. This statement is incorrect.

Step 5: Conclusion

Since (a), (b), and (c) are correct, the correct option is (A).

Final Answer: (A)

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because the student must recall specific structural features of prokaryotes and apply that knowledge to evaluate the validity of multiple distinct biological statements.
Knowledge Dimension: CONCEPTUAL
Justification: The question tests the understanding of the fundamental organizational differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular architecture.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of NEET, this is classified as COMPETENCY. It requires the student to synthesize information across different sub-topics of the Cell: The Unit of Life chapter to eliminate incorrect options.

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