Class CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Probability Q #1390
KNOWLEDGE BASED
REMEMBER
3 Marks 2025 AISSCE(Board Exam) SA
A die with number 1 to 6 is biased such that probability of $P(2)=\frac{3}{10}$ and probability of other numbers is equal. Find the mean of the number of times number 2 appears on the dice, if the dice is thrown twice.

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Calculate the probability of numbers other than 2.

Let the probability of each number other than 2 be $p$. Since the sum of all probabilities must be 1, we have: $P(1) + P(2) + P(3) + P(4) + P(5) + P(6) = 1$ $p + \frac{3}{10} + p + p + p + p = 1$ $5p + \frac{3}{10} = 1$ $5p = 1 - \frac{3}{10} = \frac{7}{10}$ $p = \frac{7}{50}$ So, $P(1) = P(3) = P(4) = P(5) = P(6) = \frac{7}{50}$

Step 2: Define the random variable and its distribution.

Let $X$ be the random variable representing the number of times the number 2 appears when the die is thrown twice. $X$ can take values 0, 1, or 2. This is a binomial distribution with $n=2$ trials and probability of success (getting a 2) $P(2) = \frac{3}{10}$.

Step 3: Calculate the probabilities for X = 0, 1, and 2.

The probability mass function for a binomial distribution is given by: $P(X=k) = \binom{n}{k} p^k (1-p)^{n-k}$ In our case, $n=2$ and $p = \frac{3}{10}$. $P(X=0) = \binom{2}{0} (\frac{3}{10})^0 (1-\frac{3}{10})^{2-0} = 1 \cdot 1 \cdot (\frac{7}{10})^2 = \frac{49}{100}$ $P(X=1) = \binom{2}{1} (\frac{3}{10})^1 (\frac{7}{10})^{2-1} = 2 \cdot \frac{3}{10} \cdot \frac{7}{10} = \frac{42}{100}$ $P(X=2) = \binom{2}{2} (\frac{3}{10})^2 (\frac{7}{10})^{2-2} = 1 \cdot (\frac{9}{100}) \cdot 1 = \frac{9}{100}$

Step 4: Calculate the mean of the distribution.

The mean of a binomial distribution is given by $\mu = np$. In our case, $n=2$ and $p = \frac{3}{10}$. Therefore, the mean is: $\mu = 2 \cdot \frac{3}{10} = \frac{6}{10} = \frac{3}{5} = 0.6$

Final Answer: 0.6

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an REMEMBER question because it requires recalling the formula for the mean of a binomial distribution and applying it to the given problem.
Knowledge Dimension: CONCEPTUAL
Justification: The question requires understanding the concept of binomial distribution and its mean. It involves applying the formula $\mu = np$ after identifying the parameters $n$ and $p$.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of CBSE Class 12, this is classified as KNOWLEDGE. It directly tests the student's understanding of probability distributions, specifically the binomial distribution, and the calculation of its mean, which is a standard topic in the syllabus.