Class CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Probability Q #689
KNOWLEDGE BASED
APPLY
1 Marks 2024 AISSCE(Board Exam) MCQ SINGLE
If \(P(A|B)=P(A^{\prime}|B)\), then which of the following statements is true?
(A) \(P(A)=P(A^{\prime})\)
(B) \(P(A)=2~P(B)\)
(C) \(P(A\cap B)=\frac{1}{2}P(B)\)
(D) \(P(A\cap B)=2~P(B)\)
Correct Answer: C

AI Tutor Explanation

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Step-by-Step Solution

Given: \(P(A|B) = P(A'|B)\)

Using the definition of conditional probability, we have:

\(\frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)} = \frac{P(A' \cap B)}{P(B)}\)

Since \(P(B)\) is in the denominator on both sides, we can multiply both sides by \(P(B)\), assuming \(P(B) \neq 0\):

\(P(A \cap B) = P(A' \cap B)\)

We know that \(A' = \Omega - A\), where \(\Omega\) is the sample space. Therefore, \(A' \cap B = B - (A \cap B)\). So, we can write \(P(A' \cap B) = P(B) - P(A \cap B)\)

Substituting this back into the equation, we get:

\(P(A \cap B) = P(B) - P(A \cap B)\)

Adding \(P(A \cap B)\) to both sides:

\(2 P(A \cap B) = P(B)\)

Dividing both sides by 2:

\(P(A \cap B) = \frac{1}{2} P(B)\)

Correct Answer: \(P(A\cap B)=\frac{1}{2}P(B)\)

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AI Suggestion: Option C

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because the student needs to apply the conditional probability formula and the properties of complementary events to derive the correct relationship between the probabilities.
Knowledge Dimension: CONCEPTUAL
Justification: The question requires understanding of the concepts of conditional probability, complementary events, and their relationships to solve the problem.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of CBSE Class 12, this is classified as KNOWLEDGE. The question directly tests the student's understanding and application of probability concepts as covered in the textbook.