Class CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Three Dimensional Geometry Q #1731
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
1 Marks 2026 AISSCE(Board Exam) MCQ SINGLE
Direction cosines of the line given by equations $\frac{2x-1}{4}=\frac{1-y}{3}=\frac{-z}{6}$ are
(A) $2,-3,-6$
(B) $\frac{2}{7},\frac{-3}{7},\frac{-6}{7}$
(C) $\frac{2}{7},\frac{-3}{7},\frac{6}{7}$
(D) $\frac{4}{\sqrt{61}},\frac{-3}{\sqrt{61}},\frac{-6}{\sqrt{61}}$
Correct Answer: B

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Standardize the line equations

The given equations are $\frac{2x-1}{4} = \frac{1-y}{3} = \frac{-z}{6}$. To find the direction ratios, we must express these in the standard form $\frac{x-x_1}{a} = \frac{y-y_1}{b} = \frac{z-z_1}{c}$.

Divide the numerator and denominator of each term to isolate the variables:

$\frac{2(x - 1/2)}{4} = \frac{-(y - 1)}{3} = \frac{z}{-6}$

$\frac{x - 1/2}{2} = \frac{y - 1}{-3} = \frac{z}{-6}$

Step 2: Identify direction ratios

From the standardized form, the direction ratios $(a, b, c)$ are $2, -3, -6$.

Step 3: Calculate the magnitude

The magnitude of the direction vector is given by $\sqrt{a^2 + b^2 + c^2}$:

$\sqrt{2^2 + (-3)^2 + (-6)^2} = \sqrt{4 + 9 + 36} = \sqrt{49} = 7$

Step 4: Determine direction cosines

The direction cosines $(l, m, n)$ are calculated by dividing the direction ratios by the magnitude:

$l = \frac{2}{7}, m = \frac{-3}{7}, n = \frac{-6}{7}$

Final Answer: (B)

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because the student must transform the given equation into a standard form before applying the formula for direction cosines.
Knowledge Dimension: PROCEDURAL
Justification: The question requires a specific sequence of algebraic steps to convert the equation and then compute the vector magnitude.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of CBSE Class 12, this is classified as COMPETENCY. It tests the student's ability to manipulate 3D geometry equations beyond rote memorization.