Class JEE Chemistry ALL Q #1158
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2026 JEE Main 2026 (Online) 21st January Morning Shift NUMERICAL
Benzene undergoes the following sequence of reactions (see figure). Find the percentage of nitrogen in compound (E).
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  1. Reaction 1: Benzene to Nitrobenzene (HNO3/H2SO4) Benzene (C6H6) reacts with concentrated nitric acid in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to form nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2).
  2. Reaction 2: Nitrobenzene to Aniline (Fe/HCl) Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) is reduced to aniline (C6H5NH2) using iron and hydrochloric acid.
  3. Reaction 3: Aniline to Benzenediazonium Chloride (NaNO2/HCl, 0-5°C) Aniline (C6H5NH2) reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperatures (0-5°C) to form benzenediazonium chloride (C6H5N2Cl).
  4. Reaction 4: Benzenediazonium Chloride to Phenol (H2O/H+, heat) Benzenediazonium chloride (C6H5N2Cl) is hydrolyzed with water in the presence of an acid catalyst and heat to form phenol (C6H5OH).
  5. Reaction 5: Phenol to Picric Acid (Conc. HNO3) Phenol (C6H5OH) reacts with concentrated nitric acid to form 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, also known as picric acid (C6H3N3O7). This is compound E.
  6. Calculate the Molecular Weight of Picric Acid (C6H3N3O7):
    • Carbon (C): 6 * 12.01 = 72.06
    • Hydrogen (H): 3 * 1.01 = 3.03
    • Nitrogen (N): 3 * 14.01 = 42.03
    • Oxygen (O): 7 * 16.00 = 112.00
    Molecular weight = 72.06 + 3.03 + 42.03 + 112.00 = 229.12 g/mol
  7. Calculate the Percentage of Nitrogen in Picric Acid: Percentage of Nitrogen = (Mass of Nitrogen / Molecular Weight of Picric Acid) * 100 Percentage of Nitrogen = (42.03 / 229.12) * 100 = 18.34%

Correct Answer: 18.34

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because it requires the student to apply their knowledge of chemical reactions and stoichiometry to determine the final product and calculate its nitrogen percentage.
Knowledge Dimension: PROCEDURAL
Justification: The question requires a step-by-step process to determine the final product through a series of chemical reactions and then calculate the percentage of nitrogen. This involves following a specific procedure.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of JEE, this is classified as COMPETENCY. It assesses the student's ability to apply chemical principles to solve a multi-step reaction problem, which is a competency-based skill.

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