Class NEET 2026 ALL Q #1986
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2026 NTA-RE-NEET-2026 MCQ SINGLE
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R. Assertion A: The first ionization enthalpy of O is lower than that of N and F. Reason R: The loss of an electron from O leads to stable half-filled p orbital. In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) A is not correct but R is correct
(B) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
(C) Both A and R are correct and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(D) A is correct but R is not correct.
Correct Answer: B

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Analyze Assertion A

The electronic configuration of Nitrogen (N) is $$1s^2 2s^2 2p^3$$, Oxygen (O) is $$1s^2 2s^2 2p^4$$, and Fluorine (F) is $$1s^2 2s^2 2p^5$$. Due to the stable half-filled p-orbital configuration of N, it has a higher ionization enthalpy than O. F has a higher effective nuclear charge than O, leading to a higher ionization enthalpy. Thus, the first ionization enthalpy of O is indeed lower than both N and F. Assertion A is correct.

Step 2: Analyze Reason R

Reason R states that the loss of an electron from O leads to a stable half-filled p-orbital. When O ($$2p^4$$) loses an electron, it becomes $$2p^3$$, which is a stable half-filled configuration. While this statement is factually true, it explains why O might lose an electron more easily (to reach stability), but it does not explain why the initial ionization enthalpy of O is lower than N or F. The lower value for O is primarily due to inter-electronic repulsion in the $$2p^4$$ orbital compared to the stable $$2p^3$$ of N. Therefore, R is a correct statement, but it is not the correct explanation for the comparison between O, N, and F.

Final Answer: C

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because the student must apply knowledge of electronic configurations and periodic trends to evaluate the validity of two distinct chemical statements.
Knowledge Dimension: CONCEPTUAL
Justification: The question tests the understanding of periodic trends and the stability of subshells, which are core conceptual frameworks in Inorganic Chemistry.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of NEET, this is classified as COMPETENCY. This question format is standard for the NEET examination, requiring students to distinguish between factual correctness and logical causality in chemical principles.