Class JEE Mathematics Sets, Relations, and Functions Q #1135
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2025 JEE Main 2025 (Online) 22nd January Evening Shift NUMERICAL
4 Let $A=\{1,2,3\}$. The number of relations on $A$, containing $(1,2)$ and $(2,3)$, which are reflexive and transitive but not symmetric, is _________.

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Let $A = \{1, 2, 3\}$. We are looking for relations on $A$ that contain $(1, 2)$ and $(2, 3)$, are reflexive and transitive, but not symmetric.

Since the relation is reflexive, it must contain $(1, 1)$, $(2, 2)$, and $(3, 3)$.

Since the relation contains $(1, 2)$ and $(2, 3)$ and is transitive, it must also contain $(1, 3)$.

So, the relation must contain the following pairs: $(1, 1)$, $(2, 2)$, $(3, 3)$, $(1, 2)$, $(2, 3)$, $(1, 3)$.

Now, we need to consider additional pairs that can be added to the relation without making it symmetric.

If we add $(2, 1)$, the relation becomes symmetric because we already have $(1, 2)$. If we add $(3, 2)$, the relation becomes symmetric because we already have $(2, 3)$. If we add $(3, 1)$, the relation becomes symmetric because we already have $(1, 3)$.

So, we can consider adding $(2, 1)$, $(3, 2)$, and $(3, 1)$ individually or in combinations.

Case 1: Add $(2, 1)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (2, 1)\}$. This is not transitive because $(2, 3)$ and $(3, 1)$ are in the relation, but $(2, 1)$ is. However, $(2,1)$ and $(1,3)$ are in the relation, but $(2,3)$ is. Also $(2,1)$ and $(1,2)$ are in the relation. This relation is not symmetric because $(2,3)$ is in the relation but $(3,2)$ is not. It is not transitive because $(2,1)$ and $(1,3)$ are in the relation but $(2,3)$ is. So this case is not valid.

Case 2: Add $(3, 2)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (3, 2)\}$. This is not symmetric because $(1, 2)$ is in the relation but $(2, 1)$ is not. It is transitive because $(3, 2)$ and $(2, 3)$ are in the relation, so $(3, 3)$ is in the relation. Also, $(1, 2)$ and $(2, 3)$ are in the relation, so $(1, 3)$ is in the relation. Also, $(3, 2)$ and $(2, 2)$ are in the relation, so $(3, 2)$ is in the relation. Also, $(1, 3)$ and $(3, 2)$ are not in the relation. So this case is valid.

Case 3: Add $(3, 1)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (3, 1)\}$. This is not symmetric because $(1, 2)$ is in the relation but $(2, 1)$ is not. It is not transitive because $(2, 3)$ and $(3, 1)$ are in the relation, but $(2, 1)$ is not. So this case is not valid.

Case 4: Add $(2, 1)$ and $(3, 2)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (2, 1), (3, 2)\}$. This is not transitive because $(3, 2)$ and $(2, 1)$ are in the relation, but $(3, 1)$ is not. So this case is not valid.

Case 5: Add $(2, 1)$ and $(3, 1)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (2, 1), (3, 1)\}$. This is not transitive because $(2, 3)$ and $(3, 1)$ are in the relation, but $(2, 1)$ is not. So this case is not valid.

Case 6: Add $(3, 2)$ and $(3, 1)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (3, 2), (3, 1)\}$. This is transitive. It is not symmetric. So this case is valid.

Case 7: Add $(2, 1)$, $(3, 2)$, and $(3, 1)$. The relation is $\{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (2, 1), (3, 2), (3, 1)\}$. This is not transitive because $(3, 2)$ and $(2, 1)$ are in the relation, but $(3, 1)$ is. So this case is not valid.

The valid cases are Case 2 and Case 6. Therefore, there is only 1 such relation.

Correct Answer: 1

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because it requires the student to apply the definitions of reflexive, transitive, and symmetric relations to a specific set and count the number of relations satisfying given conditions.
Knowledge Dimension: CONCEPTUAL
Justification: The question requires understanding the concepts of relations, reflexive, transitive, and symmetric properties, and applying these concepts to a specific set to construct and count the number of relations that satisfy the given conditions.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of JEE, this is classified as COMPETENCY. It assesses the student's ability to apply the definitions of relations and their properties to solve a counting problem, which goes beyond rote memorization of definitions.