The minimum number of elements that must be added to the relation $R = \{(a, b), (b, c)\}$ on the set $\{a, b, c\}$ so that it becomes symmetric and transitive is :

Consider the following relations $R = \{(x, y) | x, y$ are real numbers and $x = wy$ for some rational number $w\}$; $S = \{(\frac{m}{n}, \frac{p}{q}) | m, n, p$ and $q$ are integers such that $n, q \neq 0$ and $qm = pn\}$. Then

Let $S=\{4,6,9\}$ and $T=\{9,10,11, \ldots, 1000\}$. If $A=\left\{a_{1}+a_{2}+\ldots+a_{k}: k \in \mathbf{N}, a_{1}, a_{2}, a_{3}, \ldots, a_{k}\right.$ $\epsilon S\}$, then the sum of all the elements in the set $T-A$ is equal to __________.

Let $X = R \times R$. Define a relation R on X as: $(a_1, b_1) R (a_2, b_2) \Leftrightarrow b_1 = b_2$ Statement I: $R$ is an equivalence relation. Statement II: For some $(a, b) \in X$, the set $S = \{(x, y) \in X : (x, y)R(a, b)\}$ represents a line parallel to $y = x$. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Let $A=\{0,3,4,6,7,8,9,10\}$ and $R$ be the relation defined on $A$ such that $R=\{(x, y) \in A \times A: x-y$ is odd positive integer or $x-y=2\}$. The minimum number of elements that must be added to the relation $R$, so that it is a symmetric relation, is equal to ____________.