Class CBSE Class 12 Physics Alternating Current Q #1894
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
1 Marks MCQ SINGLE
Mr. Iyer takes a grinder rated 220 V, 50 Hz to the U.S where supply is 110 V, 60 Hz. He needs to use a
(A) step -  downtransformer with turn ratio 2: 1
(B) step -  up transformer with turn ratio 1 : 3
(C) step -  up transformer with turn ratio 1 : 2
(D) step -  downtransformer with turn ratio 5: 2
Correct Answer: C

AI Tutor Explanation

Powered by Gemini

Detailed Solution

Step 1: Identify the requirement

The grinder is designed to operate at an input voltage of $V_{in} = 220\text{ V}$. The available power supply in the U.S. is $V_{source} = 110\text{ V}$. Since the device requires a higher voltage than what is available, we must increase the voltage.

Step 2: Determine the type of transformer

To increase the voltage from $110\text{ V}$ to $220\text{ V}$, a step-up transformer is required.

Step 3: Calculate the turn ratio

The transformer equation is given by: $$ \frac{V_s}{V_p} = \frac{N_s}{N_p} $$ Where $V_s$ is the secondary voltage ($220\text{ V}$) and $V_p$ is the primary voltage ($110\text{ V}$). $$ \frac{N_s}{N_p} = \frac{220}{110} = \frac{2}{1} $$ Wait, checking the options: The ratio $N_p : N_s$ is $1 : 2$. Thus, a step-up transformer with a turn ratio of $1 : 2$ is required.

Final Answer: C

AI generated content. Review strictly for academic accuracy.

Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because the student must use the transformer principle to solve a real-world electrical compatibility problem.
Knowledge Dimension: PROCEDURAL
Justification: The student must follow a specific sequence of steps involving the transformer ratio formula to arrive at the correct device configuration.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of CBSE Class 12, this is classified as COMPETENCY. This question tests the application of Alternating Current (AC) concepts in practical household scenarios, aligning with NEP 2020's focus on experiential learning.