Class CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Differential Equations Q #1278
KNOWLEDGE BASED
UNDERSTAND
3 Marks 2024 AISSCE(Board Exam) SA
Find the general solution of the differential equation : $y~dx=(x+2y^{2})~dy$

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Rewrite the differential equation

The given differential equation is $y~dx = (x + 2y^2)~dy$. We can rewrite this as: $$\frac{dx}{dy} = \frac{x + 2y^2}{y} = \frac{x}{y} + 2y$$ $$\frac{dx}{dy} - \frac{1}{y}x = 2y$$

Step 2: Identify the type of differential equation

This is a linear differential equation of the form $\frac{dx}{dy} + P(y)x = Q(y)$, where $P(y) = -\frac{1}{y}$ and $Q(y) = 2y$.

Step 3: Calculate the integrating factor (IF)

The integrating factor is given by $IF = e^{\int P(y)~dy}$. $$IF = e^{\int -\frac{1}{y}~dy} = e^{-\ln|y|} = e^{\ln|y^{-1}|} = \frac{1}{y}$$

Step 4: Find the general solution

The general solution is given by: $$x \cdot IF = \int Q(y) \cdot IF ~dy + C$$ $$x \cdot \frac{1}{y} = \int 2y \cdot \frac{1}{y} ~dy + C$$ $$\frac{x}{y} = \int 2 ~dy + C$$ $$\frac{x}{y} = 2y + C$$ $$x = 2y^2 + Cy$$

Step 5: Write the final solution

The general solution of the given differential equation is $x = 2y^2 + Cy$.

Final Answer: $x = 2y^2 + Cy$

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an UNDERSTAND question because the student needs to understand the concept of linear differential equations and apply the appropriate method to solve it.
Knowledge Dimension: PROCEDURAL
Justification: The question requires the student to apply a specific procedure (solving a linear differential equation using an integrating factor) to arrive at the solution.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of CBSE Class 12, this is classified as KNOWLEDGE. The question directly tests the student's knowledge of solving linear differential equations, a standard topic in the syllabus.