Class JEE Mathematics Sets, Relations, and Functions Q #1047
KNOWLEDGE BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2021 JEE Main 2021 (Online) 27th July Evening Shift MCQ SINGLE
Let $N$ be the set of natural numbers and a relation $R$ on $N$ be defined by $R = {(x, y) ∈ N × N: x^3 - 3x^2y - xy^2 + 3y^3 = 0}$. Then the relation $R$ is :
(A) symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive
(B) reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive
(C) reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive
(D) an equivalence relation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
Given the relation $x^3 - 3x^2y - xy^2 + 3y^3 = 0$. We can factor this as follows:
$x(x^2 - y^2) - 3y(x^2 - y^2) = 0$
$(x - 3y)(x^2 - y^2) = 0$
$(x - 3y)(x - y)(x + y) = 0$
Thus, the relation holds if $x = 3y$, $x = y$, or $x = -y$.

Reflexivity: For $R$ to be reflexive, $(x, x) \in R$ for all $x \in N$. If $x = y$, then $(x, x) \in R$. So, the relation is reflexive.

Symmetry: For $R$ to be symmetric, if $(x, y) \in R$, then $(y, x) \in R$. Let's consider $x = 3y$. If $(3, 1) \in R$ since $3 = 3(1)$, but $(1, 3) \notin R$ since $1 \neq 3(3)$. So, the relation is not symmetric.

Transitivity: For $R$ to be transitive, if $(x, y) \in R$ and $(y, z) \in R$, then $(x, z) \in R$. Let $x = 3y$ and $y = z$. Then $(x, y) = (3y, y)$ and $(y, z) = (y, y)$. For transitivity, we need $(3y, y) \in R$ and $(y, y) \in R$ implying $(3y, y) \in R$. However, if we choose $x=3$, $y=1$ and $z=1$, then $x = 3y$. But if $x = 3$ and $y = 1$, we don't have $x=z$. So the relation is not transitive.
Since $R$ is reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive, the correct option is B.

More from this Chapter

MCQ_SINGLE
Two newspapers A and B are published in a city. It is known that $25$% of the city populations reads A and $20$% reads B while $8$% reads both A and B. Further, $30$% of those who read A but not B look into advertisements and $40$% of those who read B but not A also look into advertisements, while $50$% of those who read both A and B look into advertisements. Then the percentage of the population who look into advertisement is :-
NUMERICAL
In a survey of 220 students of a higher secondary school, it was found that at least 125 and at most 130 students studied Mathematics; at least 85 and at most 95 studied Physics; at least 75 and at most 90 studied Chemistry; 30 studied both Physics and Chemistry; 50 studied both Chemistry and Mathematics; 40 studied both Mathematics and Physics and 10 studied none of these subjects. Let $m$ and $n$ respectively be the least and the most number of students who studied all the three subjects. Then $\mathrm{m}+\mathrm{n}$ is equal to ___________.
NUMERICAL
26 The sum of all the elements of the set $$\{ \alpha \in \{ 1,2,.....,100\} :HCF(\alpha ,24) = 1\} $$ is __________.
MCQ_SINGLE
Let $A = \{ (\alpha, \beta) \in R \times R : |\alpha - 1| \leq 4 \text{ and } |\beta - 5| \leq 6 \}$ and $B = \{ (\alpha, \beta) \in R \times R : 16(\alpha - 2)^2 + 9(\beta - 6)^2 \leq 144 \}$. Then
MCQ_SINGLE
A survey shows that $73$% of the persons working in an office like coffee, whereas $65$% like tea. If $x$ denotes the percentage of them, who like both coffee and tea, then $x$ cannot be :
View All Questions