Class JEE Mathematics Sets, Relations, and Functions Q #1047
KNOWLEDGE BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2021 JEE Main 2021 (Online) 27th July Evening Shift MCQ SINGLE
Let $N$ be the set of natural numbers and a relation $R$ on $N$ be defined by $R = {(x, y) ∈ N × N: x^3 - 3x^2y - xy^2 + 3y^3 = 0}$. Then the relation $R$ is :
(A) symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive
(B) reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive
(C) reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive
(D) an equivalence relation
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
Given the relation $x^3 - 3x^2y - xy^2 + 3y^3 = 0$. We can factor this as follows:
$x(x^2 - y^2) - 3y(x^2 - y^2) = 0$
$(x - 3y)(x^2 - y^2) = 0$
$(x - 3y)(x - y)(x + y) = 0$
Thus, the relation holds if $x = 3y$, $x = y$, or $x = -y$.

Reflexivity: For $R$ to be reflexive, $(x, x) \in R$ for all $x \in N$. If $x = y$, then $(x, x) \in R$. So, the relation is reflexive.

Symmetry: For $R$ to be symmetric, if $(x, y) \in R$, then $(y, x) \in R$. Let's consider $x = 3y$. If $(3, 1) \in R$ since $3 = 3(1)$, but $(1, 3) \notin R$ since $1 \neq 3(3)$. So, the relation is not symmetric.

Transitivity: For $R$ to be transitive, if $(x, y) \in R$ and $(y, z) \in R$, then $(x, z) \in R$. Let $x = 3y$ and $y = z$. Then $(x, y) = (3y, y)$ and $(y, z) = (y, y)$. For transitivity, we need $(3y, y) \in R$ and $(y, y) \in R$ implying $(3y, y) \in R$. However, if we choose $x=3$, $y=1$ and $z=1$, then $x = 3y$. But if $x = 3$ and $y = 1$, we don't have $x=z$. So the relation is not transitive.
Since $R$ is reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive, the correct option is B.

More from this Chapter

MCQ_SINGLE
Let $A = {2, 3, 4, 5, ....., 30}$ and '$\simeq$' be an equivalence relation on $A \times A$, defined by $(a, b) \simeq (c, d)$, if and only if $ad = bc$. Then the number of ordered pairs which satisfy this equivalence relation with ordered pair $(4, 3)$ is equal to :
MCQ_SINGLE
Consider the sets $A = \{(x, y) \in R \times R : x^2 + y^2 = 25\}$, $B = \{(x, y) \in R \times R : x^2 + 9y^2 = 144\}$, $C = \{(x, y) \in Z \times Z : x^2 + y^2 \le 4\}$ and $D = A \cap B$. The total number of one-one functions from the set $D$ to the set $C$ is:
MCQ_SINGLE
Let $A = \{-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3\}$ and R be a relation on A defined by $xRy$ if and only if $2x - y \in \{0, 1\}$. Let $l$ be the number of elements in $R$. Let $m$ and $n$ be the minimum number of elements required to be added in R to make it reflexive and symmetric relations, respectively. Then $l + m + n$ is equal to:
NUMERICAL
The number of relations on the set A={1,2,3}, containing at most 6 elements including (1,2) which are reflexive and transitive but not symmetric, is ________.
MCQ_SINGLE
Two newspapers A and B are published in a city. It is known that $25$% of the city populations reads A and $20$% reads B while $8$% reads both A and B. Further, $30$% of those who read A but not B look into advertisements and $40$% of those who read B but not A also look into advertisements, while $50$% of those who read both A and B look into advertisements. Then the percentage of the population who look into advertisement is :-
View All Questions