The minimum number of elements that must be added to the relation R = {(a, b), (b, c), (b, d)} on the set {a, b, c, d} so that it is an equivalence relation, is __________.

Consider the following relations $R = \{(x, y) | x, y$ are real numbers and $x = wy$ for some rational number $w\}$; $S = \{(\frac{m}{n}, \frac{p}{q}) | m, n, p$ and $q$ are integers such that $n, q \neq 0$ and $qm = pn\}$. Then

Two newspapers A and B are published in a city. It is known that $25$% of the city populations reads A and $20$% reads B while $8$% reads both A and B. Further, $30$% of those who read A but not B look into advertisements and $40$% of those who read B but not A also look into advertisements, while $50$% of those who read both A and B look into advertisements. Then the percentage of the population who look into advertisement is :-

The number of relations on the set $A=\{1,2,3\}$, containing at most 6 elements including $(1,2)$, which are reflexive and transitive but not symmetric, is __________.

Let A = {n $\in$ N : H.C.F. (n, 45) = 1} and Let B = {2k : k $\in$ {1, 2, ......., 100}}. Then the sum of all the elements of A $\cap$ B is ____________.