Homology refers to organs that share a common ancestral origin and similar basic anatomical structure, even if they perform different functions. The forelimbs of humans (used for grasping) and bats (used for flying) share the same skeletal pattern (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges), indicating a common ancestry. Thus, Assertion A is true.
The definition of homologous organs is precisely based on the similarity in their anatomical structure and developmental origin. Since the forelimbs of humans and bats exhibit this shared anatomical blueprint, Reason R is true.
Reason R provides the fundamental biological basis for why the forelimbs are classified as homologous. Because they possess a similar anatomical structure derived from a common ancestor, they are termed homologous. Therefore, R is the correct explanation of A.
Final Answer: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
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