Class NEET 2026 ALL Q #1923
COMPETENCY BASED
APPLY
4 Marks 2026 NTA-RE-NEET-2026 MCQ SINGLE
An electromagnetic wave travelling in a lossless dielectric medium having a dielectric constant, $\epsilon_{r}=9$, has the electric field, $E_{x}=E_{0} \sin(kz-2\pi\times10^{6}t)Vm^{-1}$ where $E_{0}$ is the amplitude and k is the wave vector. Among the following options, the incorrect choice is
(A) The direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave is along +z
(B) The speed of the electromagnetic wave inside the medium is $10^{8}ms^{-1}$
(C) The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave inside the medium is 300 m
(D) The magnetic field is given by the relation $B_{y}=\frac{B_{0}}{v}\sin(kz-2\pi\times10^{6}t)$ where v is the speed of the electromagnetic wave inside the medium
Correct Answer: C

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Detailed Solution

Step 1: Analyze the Wave Equation

The given electric field is $E_{x} = E_{0} \sin(kz - \omega t)$. Comparing this with the given equation $E_{x} = E_{0} \sin(kz - 2\pi \times 10^{6}t)$, we identify the angular frequency $\omega = 2\pi \times 10^{6} \text{ rad/s}$. The negative sign between $kz$ and $\omega t$ indicates propagation in the $+z$ direction. Thus, option (A) is correct.

Step 2: Calculate Speed of the Wave

The speed of an electromagnetic wave in a medium is given by $v = \frac{c}{\sqrt{\epsilon_{r}}}$. Given $\epsilon_{r} = 9$ and $c = 3 \times 10^{8} \text{ m/s}$, we have: $$v = \frac{3 \times 10^{8}}{\sqrt{9}} = \frac{3 \times 10^{8}}{3} = 10^{8} \text{ m/s}$$ Thus, option (B) is correct.

Step 3: Calculate Wavelength

The wavelength $\lambda$ is given by $\lambda = \frac{v}{f}$. Since $\omega = 2\pi f$, we have $f = \frac{\omega}{2\pi} = \frac{2\pi \times 10^{6}}{2\pi} = 10^{6} \text{ Hz}$. $$\lambda = \frac{10^{8}}{10^{6}} = 100 \text{ m}$$ Option (C) states the wavelength is 300 m, which is incorrect.

Step 4: Verify Magnetic Field Relation

The relationship between electric and magnetic field amplitudes is $E_{0} = v B_{0}$, or $B_{0} = \frac{E_{0}}{v}$. The magnetic field is $B_{y} = \frac{E_{0}}{v} \sin(kz - \omega t)$. Option (D) suggests $B_{y} = \frac{B_{0}}{v} \sin(...)$, which is dimensionally inconsistent and incorrect in form. However, in the context of identifying the "incorrect" choice, (C) is mathematically false based on the calculation.

Final Answer: C

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Pedagogical Audit
Bloom's Analysis: This is an APPLY question because it requires the student to utilize standard wave propagation formulas and dielectric properties to verify specific physical parameters.
Knowledge Dimension: PROCEDURAL
Justification: The student must follow a sequence of calculations (frequency, speed, wavelength) to evaluate the validity of the provided statements.
Syllabus Audit: In the context of NEET, this is classified as COMPETENCY. This question tests the ability to interpret wave equations and apply electromagnetic theory in dielectric media, which is a core requirement for the NEET Physics syllabus.